Sunday 16 March 2014

SBI to sell Rs. 5,000-crore NPAs to asset reconstruction cos

budgetFor the first time in over two centuries of its history, the nation’s largest lender State Bank of India, which had reported 5.73 per cent of its assets as bad loans in the December quarter, is going all out to stem the rot by offloading around Rs. 5,000 crore of its Rs. 67,799 crore dud assets to ARCs before the end of the month.

Google, Pandora, Kanye, SanDisk: Intellectual Property

Google Inc., (GOOG) owner of the most-used search engine, must face revived claims that its Street View mapping system infringed a California company’s patents for creating images for visually navigating a geographic area.

Yuan $150 Billion Bet Inflates Dollar Swap: China Credit

The weakening of China’s currency had already caused investors to hedge yuanstructured products estimated by Morgan Stanley at $150 billion before today’s widening of the trading band threatened even greater volatility.

Mitsubishi Estate to Rebuild Apartments After Defects Found

bioshere_-_montrealMitsubishi Estate Co. (8802),Japan’s biggest developer by market value, will rebuild a Tokyoresidential complex where it stopped selling apartments that went for as much as 350 million yen ($3.4 million) after finding defects.

Commodities Cushioned From Crimea Crisis by Ample Supply

AutomobileUnprecedented natural gas reserves in Europe, record global grain output and the threat of mutual economic calamity from oil sanctions are cushioning commodity prices even as the Ukraine-Russia conflict spurs a gold rally. While U.K. gas prices, a European benchmark, rose 5.1 percent since the crisis began at the end of

Alibaba Starting U.S. IPO Process as Hong Kong Bid Falters

alchoholicbeverageAlibaba Group Holding Ltd. kicked off the process for what may be the biggest U.S. initial public offering in two years after struggling to persuade Hong Kong regulators to approve its proposed governance structure.

Singapore Home Sales Rose 1.7% in February on New Projects

Ajit-Singh-Aviation-MinisterSingapore’s home sales rose in February as developers marketed new projects, a government report showed. Home sales climbed 1.7 percent to 724 units last month compared with 712 in the same period a year ago, according to data from the Urban Redevelopment Authority released today. Sales climbed 28 percent from January, the data showed.

WTI Crude Rises for Third Day on Crimea Vote; Brent Holds Steady

West Texas Intermediate crude rose for a third day amid speculation that Crimea’s vote to split fromUkraine may heighten tensions between Russia and the West. Brent was steady in London.

Saturday 15 March 2014

'Love hormone' oxytocin could provide new treatment for anorexia, study suggests

King's College London
Summary:
Oxytocin, also known as the 'love hormone,' could provide a new treatment for anorexia nervosa, according to new research. The study found that oxytocin alters anorexic patients' tendencies to fixate on images of high calorie foods, and larger body shape. The findings follow an earlier study by the same group showing that oxytocin changed patients' responses to angry and disgusted faces.
The study, published today, found that oxytocin alters anorexic patients' tendencies to fixate on images of high calorie foods, and larger body shape. The findings follow an earlier study by the same group showing that oxytocin changed patients' responses to angry and disgusted faces. Anorexia nervosa affects approximately 1 in 150 teenage girls in the UK and is one of leading causes of mental health related deaths, both through physical complications and suicide. As well as problems with food, eating and body shape, patients with anorexia often have social difficulties, including anxiety and hypersensitivity to negative emotions.

Origin of life: Simulating how Earth kick-started metabolism

University of Leeds
Summary:
Researchers have developed a new approach to simulating the energetic processes that may have led to the emergence of cell metabolism on Earth -- a crucial biological function for all living organisms. The research could help scientists to understand whether it is possible for life to have emerged in similar environments on other worlds.

Exchange rate behaves like particles in a molecular fluid

ETH Zurich
Summary:
The swings in market prices and exchange rates have the same foundations as molecule movements in physics. This has been demonstrated by a team of scientists from Switzerland and Japan.
Brownian motion, the name given by scientists to the microtwitching of particles in fluid, results from the impact of the universal thermal agitation of the individual molecules in the fluid. The renowned French mathematician Louis Bachelier observed back at the beginning of the 20th century that there were parallels between this random walk behavior and exchange rates. However, it is only now that Didier Sornette, Professor of Entrepreneurial Risks at ETH Zurich together with colleagues from Japan, has been able to demonstrate exact correlations between the two. The scientists have published their work in the journal Physical Review Letters. Stock exchange meets Einstein's theorem

Genetic differences in female athletes with ACL injuries found in study

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Summary:
For the first time, a new study identified varied female-to-male expression of ribonucleic acid molecules leading to proteins maintaining ligament structure, that could explain why females are more likely to suffer an anterior cruciate ligament injury than males.
For the first time, a new study identified varied female-to-male expression of ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules leading to proteins maintaining ligament structure. In the study, "Gene Expression Differences in Young Male and Female Ruptured Anterior Cruciate Ligaments," a biopsy of normally discarded ruptured ACL tissue was obtained during surgery from seven male and seven female young athlete patients. Biopsies were then divided into groups for microscopic (histological) and genetic analysis. Thirty-two significantly differentially expressed genes were isolated from male and female tissue, of which 14 were neither linked to the X or Y chromosome.

Only small number of symptomatic side effects reported in those taking statins are actually attributable to statins, study finds

European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
Summary:
Only a small number of symptomatic side effects reported in those taking statins are actually attributable to statins, according to large meta-analysis of prevention trials, and investigators of a new study are calling on drug regulators to provide clear evidence to patients on claims of drug side effects.

A brain signal for psychosis risk

Elsevier
Summary:
Only one third of individuals identified as being at clinical high risk for psychosis actually convert to a psychotic disorder within a three-year follow-up period. This risk assessment is based on the presence of sub-threshold psychotic-like symptoms. Thus, clinical symptom criteria alone do not predict future psychosis risk with sufficient accuracy to justify aggressive early intervention, especially with medications such as antipsychotics that produce significant side effects.
Thus, clinical symptom criteria alone do not predict future psychosis risk with sufficient accuracy to justify aggressive early intervention, especially with medications such as antipsychotics that produce significant side effects. Accordingly, there is a strong imperative to develop biomarkers of psychosis risk that can improve the ability to predict which individuals are most likely to transition to a psychotic disorder.

Africa's air pollution underestimated in climate change models

CNRS
Summary:
Human activity in Africa significantly contributes to air pollution. However, no detailed data regarding country-by-country pollutant emissions in the continent was available until now. To remedy this scientists mapped these emissions in Africa for 2005, before estimating them for 2030, using three scenarios. The researchers showed that the climate change models used by the IPCC underestimate Africa's emissions, which could account for 20-55% of global anthropogenic emissions of gaseous and particulate pollutants by 2030.

U.S. to Relinquish Control of Internet Address System

bioshere_-_montrealThe U.S. plans to hand over control of the system for assigning website addresses to a non-government entity, an Obama administration official said. The nonprofit Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers is being asked to convene interested groups from around the world to

Targeting bacterial cell division to fight antibiotic resistance

youris.com
Summary:
New research has found some compounds effective in blocking the proliferation of certain bacteria, raising hopes of a new class of drugs to combat antibiotic resistant infections.
Nowadays, people do not expect to die as a result of a common infection like bacterial pneumonia. However, many do. Indeed, some bacteria have become resistant to all available antibiotics, due to overuse. The trouble is that there are currently no antibiotic that can kill all possible pathogens. Until now, antibiotic resistance has been counteracted by isolating derivatives of the antibiotics that are less easily degraded or expelled by the bacteria, by working on chemical modifications of the available antibiotics or by giving a combination of the antibiotics available. But scientists insist on the need to come up with a new class of antibiotics to avoid the dawn of a post-antibiotic era where such drugs no longer work.

Performing cardio, resistance training during same session: Does order matter? Research says no

Suomen Akatemia (Academy of Finland)
Summary:
Although the remarkable benefits of combined training have been clarified by numerous investigations, fitness enthusiasts struggle with the same question: Does the order of cardio and resistance training influence the effectiveness of a training program? Based on their findings, the researchers concluded that the training order of combined cardio- and resistance training does not seem to have an effect on biological adaptations, leaving the exercise order up to personal preference.
This question has now been the focus of a series of investigations in the Department of Biology of Physical Activity at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland. The international research group led by Professor Keijo Häkkinen and coordinated by PhD student Moritz Schumann has recruited a total of almost 200 recreationally active and healthy men and women as well as endurance athletes during the years 2011-2013 to thoroughly investigate this topic. The first findings of these studies investigating physically active men were recently published in two internationally peer-review Journals.

3-D X-ray film: Rapid movements in real time

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Summary:
How does the hip joint of a crawling weevil move? A technique to record 3-D X-ray films showing the internal movement dynamics in a spatially precise manner and, at the same time, in the temporal dimension has now been developed. The scientists applied this technique to a living weevil. From up to 100,000 two-dimensional radiographs per second, they generated complete 3D film sequences in real time or slow motion.

Stem cells inside sutures could improve healing in Achilles tendon injuries

SAGE Publications
Summary:
Sutures embedded with stem cells led to quicker and stronger healing of Achilles tendon tears than traditional sutures, according to a new study. Achilles tendon injuries are common for professional, collegiate and recreational athletes. These injuries are often treated surgically to reattach or repair the tendon if it has been torn. Patients have to keep their legs immobilized for a while after surgery before beginning their rehabilitation.
Achilles tendon injuries are common for professional, collegiate and recreational athletes. These injuries are often treated surgically to reattach or repair the tendon if it has been torn. Patients have to keep their legs immobilized for a while after surgery before beginning their rehabilitation. Athletes may return to their activities sooner, but risk rerupturing the tendon if it has not healed completely.

Dinosaur skull may reveal T. rex's smaller cousin from the north

PLOS
Summary:
A 70-million-year-old fossil found in the Late Cretaceous sediments of Alaska reveals a new small tyrannosaur. Tyrannosaurs, the lineage of carnivorous theropod ("beast feet") dinosaurs that include T. rex, have captivated our attention, but the majority of our knowledge about this group comes from fossils from low- to mid-latitudes of North America and Asia. In this study, scientists analyzed the partial skull roof, maxilla, and jaw, recovered from Prince Creek Formation in Northern Alaska, of a dinosaur originally believed to belong to a different species, and then compared the fossils to known tyrannosaurine species.

Language 'evolution' may shed light on human migration out-of-Beringia: Relationship between Siberian, North American languages

PLOS
Summary:
Evolutionary analysis applied to the relationship between North American and Central Siberian languages may indicate that people moved out from the Bering Land Bridge, with some migrating back to central Asia and others into North America.

Project hoping to end alarming decline of bobwhite quail

Texas A&M University
Summary:
The bobwhite quail, a favorite among hunters and wildlife enthusiasts alike throughout the United States, has literally flown the coop -- its numbers have been decreasing alarmingly for decades, but a groundbreaking project could prove to be a big move toward understanding bobwhite population trends.

Concerns raised about using beta agonists in beef cattle

Texas Tech University
Summary:
Use of beta agonists in cattle production has received considerable national attention. A veterinary epidemiologist has found that although there are significant benefits to the practice, an increase in death loss of cattle raises questions about welfare implications of its use.

Fiat Adds 800 Workers at Chrysler 200 Factory in Michigan

AutomobileFiat SpA (F) is adding 800 employees in Sterling Heights,Michigan, to support production of the redesigned Chrysler 200, reviving a factory that was almost shuttered following the U.S. automaker’s 2009 bankruptcy.

New rehabilitation methods for amputees, stroke patients developed

University of Missouri-Columbia
Summary:
When use of a dominant hand is lost by amputation or stroke, a patient is forced to compensate by using the nondominant hand exclusively for precision tasks like writing or drawing. Presently, the behavioral and neurological effects of chronic, forced use of the nondominant hand are largely understudied and unknown. Now, researchers have shed light on how a patient compensates when losing a dominant hand and suggest improved rehabilitation techniques for those suffering from amputation or stroke.
"Half of the work in our lab focuses on amputees, particularly upper limb amputees, who are out of the acute phase of their recoveries; the other half involves those who have suffered the loss of function due to stroke or neurological disorders," said Scott Frey, professor of psychological sciences and director of the Brain Imaging Center at MU. "Our project analyzed the consequences of losing your dominant hand and how behaviors change for amputees.

Sound trumps meaning in first language learning

Linguistic Society of America
 Summary:
Four-to-seven-year-old children rely on the sounds of new nouns more than on their meaning when assigning them to noun classes, even though the meaning is more predictive of noun class in the adult language, new research reveals. This finding demonstrates that children's sensitivity to their linguistic environment does not line up with objective measures of informativity, highlighting the active role that children play in selecting the data from which they learn language.
The article examines children's acquisition of Tsez, a language spoken by approximately 6000 people in Dagestan, in the Russian Caucasus. The authors, Annie Gagliardi of Harvard University and Jeffrey Lidz of the University of Maryland, recorded the speech that two children heard at home, then analyzed this speech to see what kinds of nouns the children heard and what was common among the members of each noun class (grammatical gender). They found that both semantic and phonological characteristics helped to organize the nouns into classes, though the semantic cues were more highly predictive. For example, all animals are in Class Three (e.g., cat, dog, sheep…) and about half of the words starting with 'r' are in Class Four. But, when the researchers had children classify new words, the children relied on the less predictive phonological features than on the more predictive semantic features.

Gestational diabetes may raise risk for heart disease in midlife

American Heart Association
Summary:
Pregnant women may face an increased risk of early heart disease if they develop gestational diabetes. Early screening and intervention is important to identify later heart disease risk for these mothers, researchers said, along with recognizing reproductive characteristics that may contribute to disease risk in women to inform early prevention efforts.
Gestational diabetes, which develops only during pregnancy and usually disappears after the pregnancy, increases the risk that the mother will develop diabetes later. The condition is managed with meal planning, activity and sometimes insulin or other medications. In the 20-year study, researchers found that a history of gestational diabetes may be a risk factor for early atherosclerosis in women during midlife before the onset of diabetes and metabolic diseases.

Fischer Says Bailout of Financial Firm Should Never Happen Again

Stanley Fischer, the nominee to be Federal Reserve Chair Janet Yellen’s top lieutenant, said governments must devise measures to ensure taxpayer dollars are never used again to save a failing bank.

Nicotine withdrawal weakens brain connections tied to self-control over cigarette cravings

Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
Summary:
A new brain imaging study shows how smokers suffering from nicotine withdrawal may have more trouble shifting from a key brain network—known as default mode, when people are in a so-called “introspective” state -— and into a control network that could help exert more conscious, self-control over cravings and to focus on quitting for good.
The findings help validate a neurobiological basis behind why so many people trying to quit end up relapsing -- up to 80 percent, depending on the type of treatment -- and may lead to new ways to identify smokers at high risk for relapse who need more intensive smoking cessation therapy.

Friday 14 March 2014

Traders Beat Market Indexes Borrowing Tools From Sports

Graham Davidson was in a slump, the worst he’d ever known. In 15 years as a foreign-exchange trader in Sydney, New York and London, he’d always made money. Now, in the winter of 2011, he seemed to have lost his touch, Bloomberg Markets magazine will report in its April issue.

Meta-analysis: Any blood pressure reading above normal may increase risk of stroke

American Academy of Neurology (AAN)
Summary:
Anyone with blood pressure that’s higher than the optimal 120/80 mmHg may be more likely to have a stroke, according to a new meta-analysis. people with pre-high blood pressure were 66 percent more likely to develop a stroke than people who had normal blood pressure, results demonstrated. The researchers determined that nearly 20 percent of strokes in the study population were due to pre-high blood pressure.
The meta-analysis looked at all of the available research on the risk of developing stroke in people with "prehypertension," or blood pressure higher than optimal but lower than the threshold to be diagnosed with high blood pressure, which is 140/90 mmHg. A total of 19 prospective cohort studies with more than 760,000 participants were included in the analysis, and participants were followed for time periods ranging from four to 36 years. From 25 to 54 percent of study participants had pre-high blood pressure.

U.S. to Relinquish Control of Internet Address System

The U.S. said it plans to hand over control of the system for assigning website addresses to a non-government entity, the final phase in an effort to fully privatize and globalize management of the Internet’s backbone.

'Ultracold' molecules promising for quantum computing, simulation

Purdue University
Summary:
Researchers have created a new type of 'ultracold' molecule, using lasers to cool atoms nearly to absolute zero and then gluing them together, a technology that might be applied to quantum computing, precise sensors and advanced simulations.
"It sounds counterintuitive, but you can use lasers to take away the kinetic energy, resulting in radical cooling," said Yong P. Chen, an associate professor of physics and electrical and computer engineering at Purdue University. Physicists are using lasers to achieve such extreme cooling, reducing the temperature to nearly absolute zero, or minus 273 degrees Celsius (minus 459 degrees Fahrenheit) -- the lowest temperature possible in the universe. At these temperatures atoms are brought to a near standstill, making possible new kinds of chemical interactions that are predominantly quantum mechanical in nature. The process is performed inside of an apparatus called a magneto-optical trap, a system that uses a vacuum chamber, magnetic coils and a series of lasers to cool and trap the atoms.

Water-rich gem points to vast 'oceans' beneath Earth's surface, study suggests

University of Alberta
Summary:
The first terrestrial discovery of ringwoodite confirms the presence of massive amounts of water 400 to 700 kilometers beneath Earth's surface. Ringwoodite is a form of the mineral peridot, believed to exist in large quantities under high pressures in the transition zone. Ringwoodite has been found in meteorites but, until now, no terrestrial sample has ever been unearthed because scientists haven't been able to conduct fieldwork at extreme depths.

Quantum chaos in ultracold gas discoveredUniversity of Innsbruck Summary: Researchers have discovered that even simple systems, such as neutral atoms, can possess chaotic behavior, which can be revealed using the tools of quantum mechanics. The ground-breaking research opens up new avenues to observe the interaction between quantum particles.

University of Innsbruck
Summary:
Researchers have discovered that even simple systems, such as neutral atoms, can possess chaotic behavior, which can be revealed using the tools of quantum mechanics. The ground-breaking research opens up new avenues to observe the interaction between quantum particles.

Costco’s U.K. Unit Inadvertently Granted Membership to Iran Air

Costco Wholesale (COST) Corp., the largest U.S. warehouse-club chain, said its U.K. unit inadvertently granted a membership to a person in the name of Iran Air, a move that could have violated sanctions against Iran.

New fossil species: Origin of toothed whale echolocation

New York Institute of Technology
Summary:
A new fossil species, Cotylocara macei, shows evidence of echolocation and the complex anatomy underlying this unique behavior that has evolved in toothed whales, dolphins and porpoises. "Its dense bones and air sinuses would have helped this whale focus its vocalizations into a probing beam of sound, which likely helped it find food at night or in muddy water ocean waters," said the lead author.

Key heart failure culprit discovered in tiny piece of RNA

Mount Sinai Medical Center
Summary:
A small, but powerful, new player in the onset and progression of heart failure has been discovered by cardiovascular researchers. The researchers have also shown how they successfully blocked the newly discovered culprit to halt the debilitating and chronic life-threatening condition in its tracks.

Building new drugs just got easier

Scripps Research Institute
Summary:
A method for modifying organic molecules has been developed that significantly expands the possibilities for developing new pharmaceuticals and improving old ones. The innovation makes it easier to modify existing organic compounds by attaching biologically active "functional group" to drug molecules. A typical small-molecule drug derives its activity from such functional groups, which are bound to a relatively simple backbone structure consisting chiefly of carbon atoms.

'Master regulator' of obesity? Distant IRX3 gene appears to interact with obesity-related FTO gene mutations

University of Chicago Medical Center
Summary:
Mutations within the gene FTO have been implicated as the strongest genetic determinant of obesity risk in humans, but the mechanism behind this link remained unknown. Now, an international team of scientists has discovered that the obesity-associated elements within FTO interact with IRX3, a distant gene on the genome that appears to be the functional obesity gene. The FTO gene itself appears to have only a peripheral effect on obesity.

Microbes help to battle infection: Gut microbes help develop immune cells, study finds

California Institute of Technology
Summary:
Beneficial gut bacteria are necessary for the development of innate immune cells -- specialized types of white blood cells that serve as the body's first line of defense against invading pathogens -- new research has found. The research suggests that a healthy population of gut microbes can actually provide a preventative alternative to antibiotics.

Material rivaling graphene may be mined out of rocks

Faculty of Physics University of Warsaw
Summary:
Will one-atom-thick layers of molybdenum disulfide, a compound that occurs naturally in rocks, prove to be better than graphene for electronic applications? There are many signs that might prove to be the case. But physicists have shown that the nature of the phenomena occurring in layered materials are still ill-understood and require further research.

Bacterium, fungus team up to cause virulent tooth decay in toddlers

American Society for Microbiology
Summary:
Early childhood caries, a highly aggressive and painful form of tooth decay that frequently occurs in preschool children, especially from backgrounds of poverty, may result from a nefarious partnership between a bacterium and a fungus, according to new research. The resulting tooth decay can be so severe that treatment frequently requires surgery -- in the operating room.
The resulting tooth decay can be so severe that treatment frequently requires surgery -- in the operating room, says corresponding author Hyun (Michel) Koo of the University of Pennsylvania. "Our data will certainly open the way to test agents to prevent this disease, and even more intriguing, the possibility of preventing children from acquiring this infection," says Koo. In the study the investigators showed that infection byS. mutans and C. albicans together doubled the number of cavities, and boosted their severity several-fold in rats. Koo, of U. Penn's School of Dental Medicine, has spent 15 years studying how microbes construct the biofilms, also known as plaque, that have plagued teeth since H. sapiens invented agriculture, bringing large quantities of starch into the diet. (Caries are common in Neolithic skeletons, but virtually absent from our Paleolithic ancestors.)

Missing link in plant immunity identified

Norwich BioScience Institutes
Summary:
An enzyme critical to plant immunity has been found to be activated in a previously unknown way, according to new research. The enzyme, the NAPDH oxidase RBOHD, triggers a rapid generation of signalling molecules derived from oxygen that are believed to be detrimental to microbial growth. The newly-discovered way this enzyme is activated, by a protein (called BIK1) fills a gap in how plants perceive a threat and how signals are activated to trigger an immune response.
"The insights will open up new ways to improve disease resistance and stress tolerance in plants," says Professor Cyril Zipfel of The Sainsbury Laboratory in Norwich. The enzyme, the NAPDH oxidase RBOHD, triggers a rapid generation of signalling molecules derived from oxygen that are believed to be detrimental to microbial growth. The newly-discovered way this enzyme is activated, by a protein (called BIK1) fills a gap in how plants perceive a threat and how signals are activated to trigger an immune response. The work, published in the journal Molecular Cell, was conducted by scientists from The Sainsbury Laboratory and from RIKEN in Yokohama in Japan, whose focus on the interactions between plants and microbes can spark innovation in tackling the world's most important crop diseases.

Large study identifies exact gut bacteria involved in Crohn's disease

Cell Press
Summary:
While the causes of Crohn's disease are not well understood, recent research indicates an important role for an abnormal immune response to the microbes that live in the gut. In the largest study of its kind, researchers have now identified specific bacteria that are abnormally increased or decreased when Crohn's disease develops. The findings suggest which microbial metabolites could be targeted to treat patients with this chronic and currently incurable inflammatory bowel disease.
Twenty-eight gastroenterology centers across North America have been working together to uncover how microbes contribute to the inflammatory cascade of Crohn's disease. Researchers took biopsies from 447 individuals with new-onset Crohn's disease and 221 nonaffected individuals at multiple locations along the gastrointestinal tract and then looked for differences between the two groups. They also validated their methods in additional individuals, resulting in a total of 1,742 samples from pediatric and adult patients with either new-onset or established disease.

BofA, Citigroup, Credit Suisse Sued by FDIC Over Libor

alchoholicbeverageBank of America Corp., Citigroup Inc. (C) and Credit Suisse Group AG (CSGN) were among 16 of the world’s biggest banks sued by the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. for allegedly manipulating the London interbank offered rate from 2007 to 2011.

Could grapefruit be good for your kidneys?

University of Royal Holloway London
Summary:
A natural product found in grapefruit can prevent kidney cysts from forming, new research indicates. Naringenin, which is also present in other citrus fruits, has been found to successfully block the formation of kidney cysts, an effect that occurs in polycystic kidney disease, by regulating the PKD2 protein responsible for the condition. With few treatments currently available, symptoms include high blood pressure and loss of kidney function, and lead to the need for dialysis.

The Solar Energy Outlook for 2014

Utah, USA -- For decades, solar has been like the Rodney Dangerfield of renewable energy. Rarely has it received the respect it has deserved. But by all accounts, 2013 was a watershed year in that respect. In Q3 alone, 930 megawatts of PV were installed in the United States — and in the last two and a half years, total global PV capacity grew from 50 gigawatts to over 100. Sure, 2013 saw its share of failures and disappointments. But according to some of the best and brightest minds in the solar industry, the coming year may play itself out as the dividing line between past and future.
This article is part of our Renewable Energy World January/February Annual Outlook Issue for 2014, which is out NOW. The issue includes our Global Directory of Suppliers. If you are not already a subscriber, CLICK HERE to subscribe!
2014’s Dark Horse: The U.S. Solar Market

Combing Ocean for Flight 370 Harder Than Two-Year French Hunt

Ajit-Singh-Aviation-MinisterAs the search for the missing Malaysian jetliner shifts to the vast expanses of the Indian Ocean, the hunt for an Air France (AF)plane that vanished over the Atlantic in 2009 provides some sobering lessons. Wreckage from the French jet took two years to locate on the seabed even though debris was found floating five days after the plane

And the Future of Residential Solar Is…Up for Grabs

Get ready — there is a revolution in residential solar going on. From financing models, solar leases, community (group buy) to owners of multi-unit housing complexes potentially becoming independent power producers, there is a changing of the business model guard. Think of it, the world may be a major storage innovation away from disconnecting from the utility grid. Do not kid yourself, there will be utility pushback but there will also be utility participation in the vein of, if you can’t beat ‘em, join ‘em.
Homeowners as well as people who do not own their own roofs or have roofs inappropriate for a PV installation can choose from various ways to buy solar electricity, all of which offer different avenues for participating in residential solar as well as potentially being highly profitable (particularly the solar lease, and residential PPA) for the companies involved in these models.  Except for the relatively simple option of buying a PV system, the other business models are relatively new and need to mature. 

Why the Potential for Grid Defection Matters

Utilities deliver both active (or real) power and reactive (or imaginary) power along their distribution lines. Real power does the actual work when you flip on a light switch.  Certain energy loads, such as motors and refrigerators, include energy storage elements that periodically need to reverse the direction of energy flow. This electric power from stored electromagnetic energy, which returns to the source in each cycle, is known as reactive power. Utilities care about reactive power because, even though it does no work at the point of consumption, it is needed to maintain voltage to deliver active power. Do you remember the largest blackout in U.S. history that surged through the Northeast in 2003? The cause for this, and several other major blackouts, can largely be attributed to a severe shortage of reactive power, which failed to maintain voltage along major power routes.

Renewable Energy Brings Out Some Extreme Nimbyism

You may have heard of extreme preppers. These are people who spend a large portion of their time preparing themselves, their homes and their families for what they believe is an inevitable disaster resulting from an economic meltdown, the spread of a deadly virus, climate change or another catastrophic event.  And hey, you never know, in the end these preppers may be the heroes of our time. But have you heard about extreme not-in-my-backyard-ists? You probably haven’t because this isn’t a real phenomenon. At least not yet.  But we’re here to tell you that there are some pretty good examples out there of folks who seem to be willing to go to any extreme to stop a renewable energy project from coming about. With that in mind and in the interest of educating developers about what some people might say about their projects, here are a few examples.  Feel free to list your own NIMBY cases in comment section below. Solar is So Ugly

Why the Potential for Grid Defection Matters

Two weeks ago, Rocky Mountain Institute, HOMER Energy, and CohnReznick Think Energy released "The Economics of Grid Defection," which assesses when and where distributed solar-plus-battery systems could reach economic parity with the electric grid, creating the possibility for defection of utility customers.
The results of our analysis have been startling to many: continued rapid declines in the cost of solar and the start of the same trend for storage mean that grid parity may come much sooner than previously thought — and well within the 30-year planned economic life of typical utility investments. This article explores why cost parity doesn’t necessarily equate to widespread customer defection, why defection would create a suboptimal electricity system, and why even the specter of customer defection is relevant.

California Flexes Its Solar Muscles

New Hampshire, USA -- At 1:41 PM on Saturday March 8, California hit a new record of solar energy output of nearly 4.1 GW. That narrowly beat out the previous record of 3.9 GW, which was set the day before. It's also more than double the peak solar output from last June, and quadruple the output from the summer of 2012. Coincident demand for the new record was about 22.6 GW, meaning at that peak solar served about 18 percent of demand, roughly enough to power three million homes. All of that data is from California ISO (CAISO), which reported the new mark earlier this week.
That record solar output, paired with a boost of wind energy, also caused spot-market electricity pricing to slip into negative pricing for a time last weekend, something that happens occasionally whenrenewable energy ramps up heavily and drives down market prices for other generating sources. In such a situation, it might make more economic sense for baseload plants that can't easily ramp up and down to just pay money for a short period of time in order to stay online.

General Motors Sued in Texas Over Ignition-Switch Defects

General Motors Co. (GM) was sued on behalf of vehicle owners over an ignition flaw in some small-model cars as it faces regulators’ questions about this year’s recall of 1.6 million vehicles.

Merkel's Green Push Blows Away German Coal-Power Profits

Warsaw and Frankfurt -- German Chancellor Angela Merkel's campaign to limit climate change with an energy system based on renewable sources is cutting into profits of companies that still provide 57 percent of the power that keeps Europe's biggest economy humming.
The continent's fivefold increase in solar and wind power in the past decade flooded electricity grids with power, displacing fossil fuels so fast that coal- and gas-dependent utility RWE AG lost money last year for the first time since 1949. Earnings at European coal-fired plants fell 23 percent last year, the biggest drop since 2010. Margins may vanish in the next two years, according to Kepler Cheuvreux SA, a Paris-based broker. Wind and solar may account for about half of Germany's generation capacity by 2020, from 37 percent in 2013, according to data from Bryan, Garnier & Co. Losses would threaten electricity supplies, Bernhard Guenther, RWE's chief financial officer, said March 4.

A Look at Australia's Solar Power Rebate System

Solar rebates have been making news the world over, providing home- and small business owners in Australia, America, the UK and even South Africa with an added incentive to reduce their carbon footprints and live sustainably.
Solar power station in Wilpena, Australia In Australia the Small-scale Renewable Energy Scheme (SRES) was put in place to encourage businesses and individuals to purchase and install air source heat pumps, solar water heaters, wind- and hydro systems and more. This forms part of Australia's Renewable Energy Target, whereby the Australian Government has committed to delivering 20 percent of its electricity supply from renewable sources by 2020 in order to contribute to the development of climate change solutions, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change. Small-scale Technology Certificates 

Coal India officers call off 3-day strike

bioshere_-_montrealCoal India officers called off their three-day strike midway on Friday after receiving assurances from its chairman on pay-related demands, a union leader said, ensuring little impact on production that peaks in March. The state-owned company, the world's No. 1 coal miner that accounts for about 80% of India's output, frequently falls short of its output target due to employee strikes, delays in getting approvals to expand

India's Inflation Gives RBI Breathing Space

NEW DELHI—India's wholesale price inflation slipped in February as food prices cooled, giving policy makers some breathing space to consider eventually lowering interest rates to help revive growth.

Coal India officers call off strike; output impact minimal

Automobile (Reuters) - Coal India(COAL.NS) officers called off their three-day strike midway on Friday after receiving assurances from its chairman on pay-related demands, a union leader said, ensuring little impact on production that peaks in March.

No one likes a copycat, no matter where you live

University of Washington
Summary:
Even very young children understand what it means to steal a physical object, yet it appears to take them another couple of years to understand what it means to steal an idea. Psychologists discovered that preschoolers often don't view a copycat negatively, but they do by the age of 5 or 6. And that holds true even across cultures that typically view intellectual property rights in different ways.

First human totally endoscopic aortic valve replacements reported

American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS)
Summary:
Surgeons in France have successfully replaced the aortic valve in two patients without opening the chest during surgery. The procedure, using totally endoscopic aortic valve replacement (TEAVR), shows potential for improving quality of life of heart patients by offering significantly reduced chest trauma.
Endoscopic surgery is already used by cardiovascular surgeons for procedures such as atrial septal defect repair and coronary artery bypass grafting. This leads to faster recovery time and less pain, which improves patients’ quality of life. TEAVR had not been feasible previously because of the currently available designs of stented tissue valves. The recent advent of sutureless bioprostheses mounted on a compressible self-expanding nitinol (nickel titanium) stent, was one of the key factors enabling the surgical team to perform this procedure. Implantation required less than 45 minutes in either patient. Sutureless substitutes are not yet available for the other cardiac valves, like the mitral valve.

Scientists 'herd' cells in new approach to tissue engineering

University of California - Berkeley
Summary:
An electrical current can be used to orchestrate the flow of a group of cells, engineers have discovered. This achievement sets the stage for more controlled forms of tissue engineering and for potential applications such as 'smart bandages' that use electrical stimulation to help heal wounds. "This is the first data showing that direct current fields can be used to deliberately guide migration of a sheet of epithelial cells," said the study's lead author.
Researchers at UC Berkeley found that an electrical current can be used to orchestrate the flow of a group of cells, an achievement that could establish the basis for more controlled forms of tissue engineering and for potential applications such as "smart bandages" that use electrical stimulation to help heal wounds. In the experiments, described in a study published this week in the journal Nature Materials, the researchers used single layers of epithelial cells, the type of cells that bind together to form robust sheathes in skin, kidneys, cornea and other organs. They found that by applying an electric current of about five volts per centimeter, they could encourage cells to migrate along the direct current electric field. They were able to make the cells swarm left or right, to diverge or converge and to make collective U-turns. They also created elaborate shapes, such as a triceratops and the UC Berkeley Cal bear mascot, to explore how the population and configuration of cell sheets affect migration.

Link between missing DNA, birth defects confirmed

University of Pennsylvania
Summary:
The genetic basis for a particular human syndrome that involves cleft palate, epilepsy and respiratory difficulties has been identified by researchers. Better understanding of these genes could help guide treatments for related conditions. "Epilepsy and cleft palate affect tens of thousands of children in the U.S. alone each year," authors said, "and respiratory failure is a particular problem in premature and low birth weight babies. Finding the causative genes for these conditions could have some very clinically important implications."
Now a team from the University of Pennsylvania and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia has confirmed that those patients' ailments resulted from the genetic anomaly. Creating mice that lacked the same region of DNA, the Penn and CHOP researchers showed that these animals suffered the same problems that afflicted the mother, daughter and son -- cleft palate, epilepsy and respiratory difficulties, a condition called human Xq22.1 deletion syndrome. And, by clarifying the syndrome's genetic basis, the researchers have laid the foundation for identifying the underlying molecular mechanism of these troubles and potentially treating them at their biological root.

Substance naturally found in humans effective in fighting brain damage from stroke

Henry Ford Health System

Summary:
A molecular substance that occurs naturally in humans and rats was found to ‘substantially reduce’ brain damage after an acute stroke and contribute to a better recovery, according to a newly released animal study. The study was the first ever to show that the peptide AcSDKP provides neurological protection when administered one to four hours after the onset of an ischemic stroke.

The study, published online before print in Stroke, the journal of the American Heart Association, was the first ever to show that the peptide AcSDKP provides neurological protection when administered one to four hours after the onset of an ischemic stroke.

This type of stroke occurs when an artery to the brain is blocked by a blood clot, cutting off oxygen and killing brain tissue with crippling or fatal results.

“Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide,” said Li Zhang, M.D., a researcher at Henry Ford and lead author of the study. “Our data showed that treatment of acute stroke with AcSDKP alone or in combination with tPA substantially reduced neurovascular damage and improved neurological outcome.”

Commonly called a “clot-buster,” tPA, or tissue plasminogen activator, is the only FDA-approved treatment for acute stroke.

However, tPA must be given shortly after the onset of stroke to provide the best results. It also has the potential to cause a brain hemorrhage.

The Henry Ford study found that this narrow “therapeutic window” is extended for up to four hours after stroke and the therapeutic benefit of tPA is amplified when tPA is combined with AcSDKP. Further, the researchers discovered that AcSDKP alone is an effective treatment if given up to one hour after the brain attack.

The researchers tested the actions of both substances on laboratory rats in which acute stroke had been induced. It was already known that the peptide AcSDKP provides anti-inflammatory effects and helps protect the heart when used to treat a variety of cardiovascular diseases. The Henry Ford scientists reasoned that the peptide may have similar neurological benefits.

Significantly, they found that AcSDKP can readily cross the so-called “blood brain barrier” that blocks other neuroprotective substances.

A battery of behavioral tests was given to the lab rats both before and after stroke was induced to measure the effects of AcSDKP administered alone one hour after onset and combined with tPA four hours after stroke.

Besides finding that both methods “robustly” decreased neurological damage associated with stroke, they did so without increasing the incidence of brain hemorrhage or the formation of additional blood clots.

“With the increased use of clot-busting therapy in patients with acute stroke, both the safety and effectiveness of the combined treatment shown in our study should encourage the development of clinical trials of AcSDKP with tPA,” Dr. Zhang says.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/03/140311151949.htm

Ocean food web is key in the global carbon cycle

University of California - Santa Barbara
Summary:
Nothing dies of old age in the ocean. Everything gets eaten and all that remains of anything is waste. But that waste is pure gold to an oceanographer. In a study of the ocean's role in the global carbon cycle, oceanographers used those nuggets to their advantage. They incorporated the lifecycle of phytoplankton and zooplankton -- small, often microscopic animals at the bottom of the food chain -- into a novel mechanistic model for assessing the global ocean carbon export.

Cellular alchemy: How to make insulin-producing cells from gut cells

Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
 Summary:
Introducing three proteins that control the regulation of DNA in the nucleus -- called transcription factors -- into an immune-deficient mouse turned a specific group of cells in the gut lining into beta-like cells. “Our results demonstrate that the intestine could be an accessible and abundant source of functional insulin-producing cells,” says the lead author of the study. “Our ultimate goal is to obtain epithelial cells from diabetes patients who have had endoscopies, expand these cells, add PMN to them to make beta-like cells, and then give them back to the patient as an alternate therapy."
However, both of these strategies have limitations: transplantable islet cells are in short supply, and stem cell-based approaches have a long way to go before they reach the clinic.

Why antisocial youth are less able to see perspective of others

Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Summary:
Adolescents with antisocial personality disorder inflict serious physical and psychological harm on both themselves and others. However, little is yet known about the underlying neural processes. Researchers have pinpointed a possible explanation: Their brain regions responsible for social information processing and impulse control are less developed.
The study focused on incarcerated delinquent adolescents from the Netherlands aged between 15 and 21 years who had been diagnosed with an antisocial personality disorder. The researchers had the adolescents play the mini-ultimatum game. In this cooperative game, which simulates fairness considerations, the player is offered a sum of money by another player. The player is also told whether the opponent could have made a fairer offer or had no alternative. Brain activity during the game was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). By comparing the findings with those of a control group of nondelinquent adolescents, the researchers were able to determine what was going on in participants' brains in the context of fairness considerations.

Sensex on weak footing, down over 100 points; top ten stocks in focus

alchoholicbeverageNEW DELHI: The S&P BSE Sensex plunged as much as 160 points in trade on Friday, led by losses in ICICI BankBSE -2.36 %, L&T, Axis BankBSE -2.45 %, ITCBSE -0.54 % and HDFCBSE -1.24 %. Tracking the momentum, the 50-share Nifty index slipped below its crucial psychological level of 6450 levels in trade, weighed down by losses in banks, realty, capital goods and metal stocks. 

MRI to 'see through' metal screws developed to follow patients after hip fracture surgery

Hospital for Special Surgery
Summary:
People who sustain the most common type of hip fracture are at increased risk of complications. A special type of MRI has been developed that can show a detailed image following fracture repair, without the distortion caused by metal surgical screws that are problematic in standard MRIs. Each year, more than 340,000 people suffer a broken hip in the United States.
Each year, more than 340,000 people suffer a broken hip in the United States. The femoral neck, the area just below the ball of the hip's ball-and-socket joint, is the most common site of fracture, accounting for 45 to 53 percent of cases. People with this type of injury are at high risk of complications because the blood supply to the fractured portion of the bone is often disrupted. The concern is that the decreased blood supply will lead to non-healing or the death of bone cells, known as osteonecrosis.

After major earthquake, silence: Dynamic stressing of a global system of faults results in rare seismic silence

Seismological Society of America
Summary:
In the global aftershock zone that followed the major April 2012 Indian Ocean earthquake, seismologists noticed an unusual pattern -- a dynamic 'stress shadow,' or period of seismic silence when some faults near failure were temporarily rendered incapable of a large rupture. Why did this rare period of quiet occur?
The magnitude (M) 8.6 earthquake, a strike-slip event at intraoceanic tectonic plates, caused global seismic rates of M≥4.5 to spike for several days, even at distances tens of thousands of kilometers from the mainshock site. But beginning two weeks after the mainshock, the rate of M≥6.5 seismic activity subsequently dropped to zero for the next 95 days. Why did this rare period of quiet occur? In a paper published today in the Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (BSSA), Fred Pollitz of the U.S. Geological Survey and co-authors suggests that the Indian Ocean earthquake caused short-term dynamic stressing of a global system of faults. Across the planet, there are faults that are "close to failure" and ready to rupture. It may be, suggests Pollitz and his colleagues, that a large quake encourages short-term triggering of these close-to-failure faults but also relieves some of the stress that has built up along these faults. Large magnitude events would not occur until tectonic movement loads stress back on to the faults at the ready-to-fail levels they reached before the main shock.

Improving safety, effectiveness of lithium therapy: Closer than ever

The researchers found that oral lithium salicylate produced steady lithium levels up to 48 hours in rats without the toxic spike associated with the rapid absorption of current FDA-approved lithium carbonate. They concluded that lithium salicylate could be more effective than lithium carbonate, yet without accompanying risks of toxicity, a potentially important development in the next generation of lithium therapeutics. Their study results appeared in a recent issue of RSC Advances, the journal of the Royal Society of Chemistry.

Thursday 13 March 2014

Education boosts brain function long after school, study shows

"Finding ways to improve the cognition of seniors is of central importance to the economic well-being of aging countries," says IIASA researcher Vegard Skirbekk, who worked on the study with researchers Nicole Schneeweis and Rudolf Winter Ebmer at Linz University The study examined variation in years of schooling arising from compulsory educational reforms implemented in six European countries during the 1950s and 1960s, measuring mental functioning in seniors with various levels of schooling. It shows that the burden of demographic change is likely to depend more on how healthy and mentally fit people are at different ages than on the exact age structure of people in a population. The study also shows that education tends to significantly boost brain function, and that this effect persists as a person ages.

Gesturing with hands a powerful tool for children's math learning

Previous research has found that gestures can help children learn. This study in particular was designed to answer whether abstract gesture can support generalization beyond a particular problem and whether abstract gesture is a more effective teaching tool than concrete action. "We found that acting gave children a relatively shallow understanding of a novel math concept, whereas gesturing led to deeper and more flexible learning," explained the study's lead author, Miriam A. Novack, a PhD student in psychology. The study, "From action to abstraction: Using the hands to learn math," is published online by Psychological Science. The researchers taught third-grade children a strategy for solving one type of mathematical equivalence problem, for example, 4 + 2 + 6 = ____ + 6. They then tested the students on similar mathematical equivalence problems to determine how well they understood the underlying principle.

Restoring order in brain: Brain cell regeneration may alleviate symptoms of Alzheimer's disease

Now Prof. Daniel Offen and Dr. Adi Shruster of Tel Aviv University's Sackler School of Medicine have discovered that by reestablishing a population of new cells in the part of the brain associated with behavior, some symptoms of Alzheimer's disease significantly decreased or were reversed altogether. The research, published in the journal Behavioural Brain Research, was conducted on mouse models; it provides a promising target for Alzheimer's symptoms in human beings as well. "Until 15 years ago, the common belief was that you were born with a finite number of neurons. You would lose them as you aged or as the result of injury or disease," said Prof. Offen, who also serves as Chief Scientific Officer at BrainStorm, a biotech company at the forefront of innovative stem cell research. "We now know that stem cells can be used to regenerate areas of the brain." Speeding up recovery After introducing stem cells in brain tissue in the laboratory and seeing promising results, Prof. Offen leveraged the study to mice with Alzheimer's disease-like symptoms. The gene (Wnt3a) was introduced in the part of the mouse brain that controls behavior, specifically fear and anxiety, in the hope that it would contribute to the formation of genes that produce new brain cells.

Empathy chimpanzees offer is key to understanding human engagement

While it's been long known that human empathy can extend to family, friends, strangers and even other species, it has been unknown until now whether nonhumans are similarly broad in their empathic responses. To answer this question, Campbell and de Waal used contagious yawning as a measure of involuntary empathy. According to Campbell, "Copying the facial expressions of others helps us to adopt and understand their current state." The researchers found chimpanzees showed contagious yawning to familiar chimpanzees, familiar humans, and unfamiliar humans, but not to unfamiliar chimpanzees or an unfamiliar species (gelada baboons). "That humans known and unknown elicited empathy similarly to group members, and more than unknown chimpanzees, shows flexibility in engagement," says Campbell. "We can use this information to try to influence this flexible response in order to increase empathy toward unfamiliar chimpanzees, and we hope we will be able to apply such knowledge to humans as well," Campbell continues.

Higher levels of cerebrospinal fluid predict faster cognitive loss in Parkinson's disease

A characteristic pathological feature of PD is the presence of Lewy bodies, which are formed by intracellular deposits of the protein α-synuclein in neurons. Although several large studies have shown that α-synuclein levels are lower in the CSF of PD patients and those with related synucleinopathies compared to controls, its role in cognitive decline and dementia had been unexplored. Researchers were able to access CSF samples from the deprenyl and tocopherol antioxidative therapy of Parkinsonism (DATATOP) study, which is the largest cohort assembled to date with longitudinal collection of biological fluids and clinical data from PD patients. "DATATOP subjects were recruited at early disease stages, without apparent signs of dementia and prior to needing dopamine-supplementing drugs, making this cohort ideal for studying PD progression," explains Jing Zhang, MD, PhD, Department of Pathology at the University of Washington School of Medicine (Seattle).

More secure communications thanks to quantum physics

Professor Thomas Walther of the Institute of Applied Physics at the Technical University of Darmstadt is convinced that "Sooner or later, the quantum computer will arrive." Yet the quantum physicist is not worried. After all, he knows of an antidote: so-called quantum cryptography. This also uses the bizarre rules of quantum physics, but not to decrypt messages at a record pace. Quite the opposite -- to encrypt it in a way that can not be cracked by a quantum computer. To do this, a "key" that depends on the laws of quantum mechanics has to be exchanged between the communication partners; this then serves to encrypt the message. Physicists throughout the world are perfecting quantum cryptography to make it suitable for particularly security-sensitive applications, such as for banking transactions or tap-proof communications. Walther's Ph.D. student Sabine Euler is one of them. As early as the 1980s, physicists Charles Bennett and Gilles Brassard thought about how quantum physics could help transfer keys while avoiding eavesdropping. Something similar to Morse code is used, consisting of a sequence of light signals from individual light particles (photons). The information is in the different polarizations of successive photons. Eavesdropping is impossible due to the quantum nature of photons. Any eavesdropper will inevitably be discovered because the eavesdropper needs to do measurements on the photons, and these measurements will always be noticed.

New gene for bipolar disorder discovered

Throughout the course of their lives, about one percent of the population suffers from bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive disorder. The patients undergo a veritable rollercoaster of emotions: During extreme shifts, they experience manic phases with delusions of grandeur, increased drive and a decreased need for sleep as well as depressive episodes with a severely depressed mood to the point of suicidal thoughts. The causes of the disease are not yet fully understood, however in addition to psychosocial triggers, genetic factors play a large role. "There is no one gene that has a significant effect on the development of bipolar disorder," says Prof. Dr. Markus M. Nöthen, Director of the Institute of Human Genetics of the University of Bonn Hospital. "Many different genes are evidently involved and these genes work together with environmental factors in a complex way."

Cancer cells don't take 'drunken' walks through body

Johns Hopkins University
 Summary:
Biologists have believed that cancers cells spread through the body in a slow, aimless fashion, resembling a drunk who can't walk three steps in a straight line. They now know that's true in a flat petri dish, but not in the three-dimensional space of an actual body. This finding is important because it should lead to more accurate results for scientists studying how cancer spreads through the body, often leading to a grim prognosis. To address this dimensional disagreement, the study's authors have produced a new mathematical formula that they say better reflects the behavior of cells migrating through 3D environments.
This finding, reported in the March 4 online Early Edition of Proceedings of the American Academy of Sciences, is important because it should lead to more accurate results for scientists studying how cancer spreads through the body, often leading to a grim prognosis. To address this dimensional disagreement, the study's authors have produced a new mathematical formula that they say better reflects the behavior of cells migrating through 3D environments.

Chip-scale tunable laser to enable bandwidth-on-demand in advanced optical networks

The Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
Summary:
Researchers have demonstrated the smallest wavelength-tunable laser fabricated by microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology. The laser features a wide tuning range which enables telecommunications providers to cost-effectively expand system capacity in advanced optical networks to support high data packets at ultra fast speed. By having one laser, instead of several, that can generate light over a range of wavelengths, the network infrastructure is greatly simplified, and inventory and operational costs are dramatically reduced, thus strengthening the capability of telecommunications providers to deliver bandwidth-on-demand services at higher profit margins.
On the other hand, commercial tunable lasers require multiple components in their set-up in order to achieve the necessary wide tuning range, thereby contributing to the bulkiness of these lasers and rendering them unsuitable for system integration.

NextEra's Massive McCoy Solar Project Clears Another Hurdle

New Hampshire, USA -- NextEra Energy has received local approval for the initial phase of one of the biggest solar photovoltaic (PV) projects in the U.S. development pipeline.
Riverside County supervisors this week gave a thumbs-up to their portion of the first phase of NextEra's proposed 750-MW McCoy Solar Energy Project in Southern California. Officials issued a conditional use permit for a 50-MW array on 477 acres of privately owned land, incorporating roughly 516,000 individual solar panels as well as inverters, up to two water wells, a portion of access road, and access to a distribution line owned by Southern California Edison (SCE). As part of the deal, NextEra will pay $150 per acre for the project's proposed 30-year lifetime, increased two percent annually.

Fostering Community Power: A New Pay It Forward Model for Solar

People can now help build solar energy projects in a brand new way. RE-volv, a nonprofit based in San Francisco, has developed a revolving fund to finance solar projects for community centers that raises up-front costs by crowdfunding donations. RE-volv just finished its second solar energy project, a 22-kW installation at the Kehilla Community Synagogue in Oakland.  Its first project, completed in June, was a 10-kW system at the Shawl-Anderson Dance Center in Berkeley. RE-volv works with community-serving nonprofits and cooperatives. We’ve seen a number of crowdfunding solar models arise in the last three years, which is a great development for the industry.  It gives people the ability to put their dollars directly into driving solar energy at the community level, either to earn a return or as a donation.